name = 'pangzhonglei' if 'zhong' in name: print('yes')else: print('no')if 'zhong' not in name: print('yes')else: print('no') 输出结果：yes no
基本数据类型： 整型 字符串 列表 元组 字典 布尔
整型的基本操作
1.将字符串以16进制的形式转换
num = 'b'v = int(num, base=16)print(v) 输出结果：11
2. bit_length() 当前数字的二进制至少用几位表示
age = 5r = age.bit_length()print(r) 输出结果：3
字符串的基本操作
1. capitalize() 将首字母大写
test = 'alex'v = test.capitalize()print(v) 输出结果：Alex
2. casefold() 将字母变成小写
test1 = 'aLex'v1 = test1.casefold()print(v1) 输出结果：alex
3. center() 设置宽度并将内容居中
ljust() 设置宽度并将内容放在左面
rjust() 设置宽度并将内容放在右面
tes2 = 'alex'v2 = tes2.center(20)v22 = tes2.center(20, '*')print(v2)print(v22) 输出结果：
alex
********alex********alex****************
****************alex
4. count(self, sub, start=None, end=None) 从字符串中寻找子序列出现的次数
test3 = 'alexalex'v3 = test3.count('x')print(v3) 输出结果：2 5. startswith() 以什么开始
endswidth() 以什么结束
test4 = 'alex'v4 = test4.startswith('a')v44 = test4.endswith('e')print(v4)print(v44) 输出结果：True False 6. find() 从开始往后找，找到第一个后，获取其位置，如果返回的是-1 表示找不到
test5 = 'alexalex'v5 = test5.find('ex')print(v5) 输出结果：2 7. format() 格式化，将一个字符串中的占位符替换为指定的值
test6 = 'I am {name}'v6 = test6.format(name='alex')print(v6) 输出结果：I am alex, age: 20 I am alex, age: 20 8. format_map() 格式化，传入的值是个字典
test7 = 'I am {name}, age: {age}'v7 = test7.format_map({'name': 'alex', 'age': 20})print(v7) 输出结果：I am alex, age: 20 9. isalnum() 判断是否是字母或数字
test8 = 'sfa2323'test88 = 'sfa2323-='v8 = test8.isalnum()v88 = test88.isalnum()print(v8)print(v88) 输出结果：True False
10. expandtabs() 把字符串中的 tab 符号('\t')转为空格，tab 符号('\t')默认的空格数是 8
test9 = '12345678\t9'v9 = test9.expandtabs(6)print(v9)str = "this is\tstring example....wow!!!"print ("Original string: " + str)print ("Defualt exapanded tab: " + str.expandtabs())print ("Double exapanded tab: " + str.expandtabs(16))test99 = 'username\temail\tpasswd\nlinlei\t345@qq.com\t123456\nlinlei\t345@qq.com\t123456\nlinlei\t345@qq.com\t123456\n'v99 = test99.expandtabs()print(v99) 输出结果： 12345678 9Original string: this is string example....wow!!!Defualt exapanded tab: this is string example....wow!!!Double exapanded tab: this is string example....wow!!!username email passwdlinlei 345@qq.com 123456linlei 345@qq.com 123456linlei 345@qq.com 123456
11. isalpha() 判断是否是字母
t = 'sfa2323's = t.isalpha()print(s) 输出结果：False
12. isdecimal() isdigit() 判断是否是数字
t1 = '二' s1 = t1.isdecimal() s11 = t1.isdigit() s111 = t1.isnumeric() print(s1, s11, s111)
输出结果：False False True
13. swapcase() 大小写字母转换
t3 = 'alEx's3 = t3.swapcase()print(s3) 输出结果：ALeX
14. 判断是否是标识符 （字母，数字，下划线）
t4 = '_99's4 = t4.isidentifier()print(s4) 输出结果：True
15. isprintable() 是否存在不可显示的字符
t4 = 'sfsa\nsfasdf's4 = t4.isprintable()print(s4) 输出结果：False
16. isspace() 判断是否全部为空格
t5 = 'jafs asfj's5 = t5.isspace()print(s5) 输出结果：False
17. title() 将一句话的首字母大写
t6 = 'i am pang 's6 = t6.title()print(s6) 输出结果：I Am Pang
18. istitle() 判断一句话首字母是否是大写
t7 = 'I Am Pang's7 = t7.istitle()print(s7) 输出结果：True
19. join() 将字符串中每一个元素按照指定分隔符进行拼接
t8 = '我将带头冲锋's8 = '_'.join(t8)print(s8) 输出结果：我_将_带_头_冲_锋
20. lower() 将字母全部转换为小写字母
islower() 判断字母是否全部为小写字母
upper() 将字母全部转换为大写字母
isupper() 判读字母是否全部为大写字母
t9 = 'isDDfs's9 = t9.lower()print(s9)t0 = 'issd's0 = t0.islower()print(s0) 输出结果：isddfs True
21. strip() 去除字符串两边的空格、/n、/t、指定的字符
lstrip() 去除字符串左边的空格、/n、/t、指定的字符
rstrip() 去除字符串右边的空格、/n、/t、指定的字符
a = 'nalexm'b = a.lstrip('n')c = a.strip('nm')print(b)print(c) 输出结果：alexm alex 22. 按照一个匹配规则进行替换
a1 = 'afldsifwlfposaausf'b1 = str.maketrans('aeiou', '12345')c1 = a1.translate(b1)print(c1) 输出结果：1flds3fwlfp4s115sf 23. partition() 字符串分割，只分割一次
split() 字符串分割，分割多次，次数可以指定
a2 = 'kasfsaasijswskfji'b2 = a2.partition('s')print(b2)b22 = a2.rpartition('s')print(b22)c2 = a2.split('s')print(c2)cc2 = a2.split('s', 2)print(cc2)c22 = a2.rsplit('s')print(c22) 输出结果： ('ka', 's', 'fsaasijswskfji')
('kasfsaasijsw', 's', 'kfji')['ka', 'f', 'aa', 'ij', 'w', 'kfji']['ka', 'f', 'aasijswskfji']['ka', 'f', 'aa', 'ij', 'w', 'kfji']24. 通过索引查找字符串
a3 = 'abcdef' b3 = a3[1:4] c3 = a3[0:-1] c33 = a3[0:len(a3)] print(b3, c3, c33)
输出结果：bcd abcde abcdef
25. replace() 替换
a4 = 'pangzlpangzlpangzl'b4 = a4.replace('ng', 'hh')c4 = a4.replace('ng', 'hh', 1)print(b4, c4) 输出结果：pahhzlpahhzlpahhzl pahhzlpangzlpangzl 26. 字符串格式化
a. %方式
info = 'my name is %s, age is %d, float is %.2f' % ('pangzl', 20, 2.2222)print(info)info1 = 'percent %.2f %%' % 22.22222print(info1)info2 = 'my name is %(name)s, age is %(age)d' % { 'name': 'pangzl', 'age': 20}print(info2)输出结果：my name is pangzl, age is 20, float is 2.22percent 22.22 %my name is pangzl, age is 20'root', 'x', '0', '0', sep=':' b. format方式
s1 = 'i am {}, age {}, {}'.format('pangzl', 20, 'cool')print(s1)s2 = 'i am {2}, age {1}, {0}'.format('pangzl', 20, 'cool')print(s2)s3 = 'i am {name}, age {age}'.format(name='pangzl', age=20)print(s3)s4 = 'i am {:s}, age {:d} {:.2f}'.format('pangzl', 20, 11.111)print(s4)s5 = 'i am {}, age {}, {}'.format(*['pangzl', 20, 'cool'])print(s5)s6 = 'i am {name}, age {age}'.format(**{ 'name': 'pangzl', 'age': 20})print(s6)s7 = 'i am {name:s}, age {age:d}'.format(**{ 'name': 'pangzl', 'age': 20})print(s7)# :b 二进制 :o 八进制 :d 整型 :x 十六进制(小写) :X十六进制(大写) :% 显示百分比(默认6位)s8 = '{:b}, {:o}, {:d}, {:x}, {:X}, {:%}'.format(15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 14.13155561236)print(s8)输出结果：i am pangzl, age 20, cooli am cool, age 20, pangzli am pangzl, age 20i am pangzl, age 20 11.11i am pangzl, age 20, cooli am pangzl, age 20i am pangzl, age 201111, 17, 15, f, F, 1413.155561% *